History
2011 Dec-30
Hangzhou is a city with rich historical heritage and colorful cultures, also one of the seven ancient capitals
in China. The beauty lies in its charming lakes and picturesque mountains as well as in its profound
history and culture.
The profound historical cultural heritage of Hangzhou promotes innovation and mutual development by
piecing together the Wu and Yue Civilization in Qin and Han Dynasty, the religious heritage of Buddha and
Taoism in Jin, Wei, Sui and Tang Dynasty, the continental and the imperial custom in Southern Song
Dynasty, as well as the Islamic and Christian believes to fuse into an enormous cultural integrity.
Great Canal
The city of Hangzhou was founded during the Qin Dynasty as Qiantang County. In AD 589, the city was
renamed "Hangzhou", literally meaning "River-ferrying Prefecture". The digging of the Grand Canal between
Hangzhou and Beijing made the city a hub of communications and started its course for metropolitan
development, enjoying prosperity in the process.
Buddhist Nation
Famed as a Buddhist Nation in southeast, Hangzhou has had a prosperous Buddhist culture since the fourth
century AD. The Buddhism has a tremendous impact upon the local culture. Many places of interest with their
legends are closely related to Buddhism. It also has a lot to do with the local cultures in architecture, printing,
tea and folk custom.
Celebrities
Hangzhou was chosen as the new capital of the Southern Song Dynasty when they regrouped after their defeat
at the hands of the Jin in 1123. It served as the seat of the imperial government, a center of trade and
entertainment, and the nexus of the main branches of the civil service. Numerous philosophers, politicians, and
men of literature, including some of the most celebrated poets in Chinese history such as Su Shi, Lu You and
Xin Qiji came here to live and die. Hangzhou is also the birthplace and final resting place of the scientist Shen
Kuo (1031-1095 AD), his tomb being located in the Yuhang district.
When will the moon be clear and bright?
When will the moon be clear and bright?
With a cup of wine in my hand, I ask the blue sky
what season it would be up the heaven for tonight.
Oh Moon, how I wish to get closer
By riding on the breeze.
Yet I fear your crystal and jade chateau,
Are much too high and cold.
So, let me just dance here with my moonlight shadow.
Rounds and rounds, my red mansion, till you shine on my silk pillow,
Sleepless, but bearing no regrets
Blame not the full moon when people has to apart
Sorrow or joy, be near or far,
Things happen like that, and we still believe in fate.
Toast to you, we are all be blessed
Though distant away, we look at the same moon
And in that way, we have never been apart.
Hangzhou in Foreigners' Eyes
Marco Polo, Odorico and Ibn Batuta, three of the four famous medieval travelers of the world, have once been
to Hangzhou and they put into their travelogues relevant records of the city.
Marco Polo (1254-1324), was a famous Italian traveler of the medieval time. He once traveled widely and lived
for a relatively long time in China. Having set foot in Hangzhou, Marco Polo wrote in his Travels of Marco Polo,
addressing it as “the most beautiful and magnificent city in the world."
Odorico (1286-1331), was an Italian traveller of the 14th century. Having arrived at Hangzhou in his travel to the
east, he drew down his knowledge in his Travel in the East, which includes the description of Hangzhou’s
populous suburbs as well as the local custom of fishing by using of water birds(cormorant) on Qiantang River.
Ibn Batuta (1304-1377), was a Moroccan traveler in the 14th century. According to Travelogue of Lbn Batuta, he
has ever set foot in Hangzhou.